Disease elephantiasis (filariasis or elephantiasis) is a class of infectious diseases caused by filarial worms are transmitted by various species of mosquitoes. After being bitten mosquitoes, parasites (larvae) will spread and when it comes to network lympa system then develops into the disease.
This disease is a chronic (chronic) and if not treated, can cause permanent disability in the form of enlargement of the legs, arms and genitals of both women and men. Disease elephantiasis is not a deadly disease, however, for patients may be something that feels shameful even can interfere with daily activities.
Elephantiasis disease commonly found in many tropical regions. According to information from WHO, the order states that there are people develop the disease elephantiasis is South Asia (India and Bangladesh), Africa, the Pacific and the Americas. Later many of them occur in Thailand and Indonesia (Southeast Asia).
# Elephant Foot Disease Transmission
The disease is transmitted by mosquitoes which suck the blood of someone who had contracted earlier. Infected blood and contain larvae and would be transmitted to others when an infected mosquito bite or suck the blood of the person.
Unlike malaria and dengue fever, filariasis can be transmitted by 23 species of mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles, Culex, Mansonia, Aedes & Armigeres. Because of this, filariasis can spread very quickly.
# Signs and Symptoms of elephantiasis
A person infected with elephantiasis disease usually occurs in childhood, where in a long time (many years) began to be felt development.
The acute symptoms that may occur include:
* Fever over and over again for 3-5 days, fever may disappear and reappear when a break after working hard
* Swollen lymph nodes (without any injury) groin area, armpits (lymphadenitis), which looks red, hot and sore
* Inflammation of the lymph channels that feels hot and pain that radiates from the base of the foot or base of the arm towards the end (retrograde lymphangitis)
* Filarial abscess due to frequent suffering from swollen lymph nodes, may rupture and ooze pus and blood
* Enlargement of the legs, arms, breasts, testicles that look a little flushed and feels hot (early lymphodema)
While the chronic symptoms of the disease elephantiasis is a persistent enlargement (elephantiasis) in the legs, arms, breasts, testicles (elephantiasis skroti).
# Elephant Foot Disease Diagnostic Examination
Elephant foot disease is generally detected through microscopic examination of blood, until today it is still considered difficult because of microfilaria just show up and present themselves in the blood at night time for several hours (nocturnal periodicity).
In addition, various methods, the examination is also performed to diagnose the disease elephantiasis. Among them is the system known as Penjaringan membrane, method of Knott concentration and deposition technique.
Method of examination which is closer towards the diagnosis and recognized by the WHO is the way the examination system "test card", It is very simple and sensitive to detect the spread of parasites (larvae). Namely by taking a finger prick sample of blood droplets at a time when the system at any time, not necessarily at night.
# Handling and Treatment of elephantiasis
The main goal of early treatment of patients with elephantiasis disease is killing parasites or larvae which develop in the patient's body, so the rate of transmission can be suppressed and reduced.
Dietilkarbamasin {diethylcarbamazine (DEC)} is the only drug effective for both filariasis and malayi filariasis bancrofti, is makrofilarisidal and mikrofilarisidal. These drugs are relatively inexpensive, safe and no drug resistance. Patients who received this drug therapy may provide local and systemic adverse reactions are temporary and easily managed with symptomatic medication.
Dietilkarbamasin not be used for khemoprofilaksis. Treatment is given orally after dinner, quickly absorbed, reaching peak concentrations in the blood within 3 hours, and excreted through the urine. Dietilkarbamasin diberikanpada no children younger than 2 years, pregnant / lactating, and patients with severe illness or in a weakened state.
However, in cases of elephantiasis disease severe enough (already enlarged) because it is not detected early, in addition to the provision of drugs would require further measures such as surgery.
# Elephant Foot Disease Prevention
For patients with disease awareness elephants are expected to check their medicine and get medical treatment so as not to disseminate obtan of transmission to other communities. For this reason there is need for education and the introduction of diseases to patients and residents nearby.
Eradication of mosquitoes each region is very important to break the transmission chain of this disease. Keeping the environment clean is important to prevent mosquito development in the region are.
This disease is a chronic (chronic) and if not treated, can cause permanent disability in the form of enlargement of the legs, arms and genitals of both women and men. Disease elephantiasis is not a deadly disease, however, for patients may be something that feels shameful even can interfere with daily activities.
Elephantiasis disease commonly found in many tropical regions. According to information from WHO, the order states that there are people develop the disease elephantiasis is South Asia (India and Bangladesh), Africa, the Pacific and the Americas. Later many of them occur in Thailand and Indonesia (Southeast Asia).
# Elephant Foot Disease Transmission
The disease is transmitted by mosquitoes which suck the blood of someone who had contracted earlier. Infected blood and contain larvae and would be transmitted to others when an infected mosquito bite or suck the blood of the person.
Unlike malaria and dengue fever, filariasis can be transmitted by 23 species of mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles, Culex, Mansonia, Aedes & Armigeres. Because of this, filariasis can spread very quickly.
# Signs and Symptoms of elephantiasis
A person infected with elephantiasis disease usually occurs in childhood, where in a long time (many years) began to be felt development.
The acute symptoms that may occur include:
* Fever over and over again for 3-5 days, fever may disappear and reappear when a break after working hard
* Swollen lymph nodes (without any injury) groin area, armpits (lymphadenitis), which looks red, hot and sore
* Inflammation of the lymph channels that feels hot and pain that radiates from the base of the foot or base of the arm towards the end (retrograde lymphangitis)
* Filarial abscess due to frequent suffering from swollen lymph nodes, may rupture and ooze pus and blood
* Enlargement of the legs, arms, breasts, testicles that look a little flushed and feels hot (early lymphodema)
While the chronic symptoms of the disease elephantiasis is a persistent enlargement (elephantiasis) in the legs, arms, breasts, testicles (elephantiasis skroti).
# Elephant Foot Disease Diagnostic Examination
Elephant foot disease is generally detected through microscopic examination of blood, until today it is still considered difficult because of microfilaria just show up and present themselves in the blood at night time for several hours (nocturnal periodicity).
In addition, various methods, the examination is also performed to diagnose the disease elephantiasis. Among them is the system known as Penjaringan membrane, method of Knott concentration and deposition technique.
Method of examination which is closer towards the diagnosis and recognized by the WHO is the way the examination system "test card", It is very simple and sensitive to detect the spread of parasites (larvae). Namely by taking a finger prick sample of blood droplets at a time when the system at any time, not necessarily at night.
# Handling and Treatment of elephantiasis
The main goal of early treatment of patients with elephantiasis disease is killing parasites or larvae which develop in the patient's body, so the rate of transmission can be suppressed and reduced.
Dietilkarbamasin {diethylcarbamazine (DEC)} is the only drug effective for both filariasis and malayi filariasis bancrofti, is makrofilarisidal and mikrofilarisidal. These drugs are relatively inexpensive, safe and no drug resistance. Patients who received this drug therapy may provide local and systemic adverse reactions are temporary and easily managed with symptomatic medication.
Dietilkarbamasin not be used for khemoprofilaksis. Treatment is given orally after dinner, quickly absorbed, reaching peak concentrations in the blood within 3 hours, and excreted through the urine. Dietilkarbamasin diberikanpada no children younger than 2 years, pregnant / lactating, and patients with severe illness or in a weakened state.
However, in cases of elephantiasis disease severe enough (already enlarged) because it is not detected early, in addition to the provision of drugs would require further measures such as surgery.
# Elephant Foot Disease Prevention
For patients with disease awareness elephants are expected to check their medicine and get medical treatment so as not to disseminate obtan of transmission to other communities. For this reason there is need for education and the introduction of diseases to patients and residents nearby.
Eradication of mosquitoes each region is very important to break the transmission chain of this disease. Keeping the environment clean is important to prevent mosquito development in the region are.
1 comments:
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Epilepsy
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